What is the term for the voltage present when the welding machine is on but no welding is occurring?

The term for the voltage present when the welding machine is on but no welding is occurring is referred to as open-circuit voltage. This is the voltage measured across the welder's output terminals when no load is applied, meaning that the welding circuit is incomplete.

Open-circuit voltage is important because it ensures that the welder can produce an adequate arc when welding begins. It typically ranges higher than the voltage used during welding due to the increased resistance when there is no current flow.

Understanding open-circuit voltage is critical for welders as it can impact the arc stability and the initial conditions when starting the welding process. The value helps in setting up the welding machine and ensuring optimal performance during operation.