What is the most common tungsten electrode type used in GTAW?

Thoriated tungsten electrodes are widely recognized as the most common type used in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) due to their ideal characteristics for a variety of applications. The addition of approximately 1-2% thorium oxide to the tungsten enhances the electrode's performance in several key areas.

First, thoriated tungsten electrodes offer excellent arc starting and stability. The thorium content helps the electrode maintain a stable arc even under varying welding conditions, making it easier for welders to control the process. This is particularly beneficial when working with challenging materials or positions.

Additionally, thoriated tungsten electrodes have a higher melting point and can endure greater heat than other types, allowing them to last longer during extended welding sessions. This durability is a crucial factor in reducing downtime and improving efficiency in welding operations.

Thoriated electrodes are also versatile, suitable for welding both ferrous and non-ferrous metals, which adds to their overall utility in the welding industry. While other electrode types, such as ceriated or lanthanated, also offer specific advantages, particularly with regard to low amperage and DC welding, thoriated tungsten remains the most popular choice due to its broad applicability and consistent performance across various welding scenarios.