What equipment is used to create the tungsten arc in GTAW?

The torch is an essential piece of equipment in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), as it is responsible for creating and maintaining the arc between the tungsten electrode and the workpiece. The torch has several critical functions: it holds the tungsten electrode, provides a means to supply shielding gas to protect the weld area from contamination, and allows the welder to control the arc length and heat input.

In GTAW, the tungsten electrode is non-consumable; thus, the torch facilitates the creation of the arc that melts the base material and the filler rod, if used. The torch design typically includes a gas cup, which serves to concentrate the shielding gas around the arc, thereby enhancing the quality and stability of the weld.

While the other equipment mentioned, like the welding machine, welder's helmet, and gas cylinder, are also important components in the GTAW setup, they do not directly create the tungsten arc. The welding machine provides the electrical current needed for the arc, the helmet protects the welder's eyes and face from ultraviolet light and sparks, and the gas cylinder stores the shielding gas. However, it is the torch that is directly responsible for establishing and controlling the arc used in the welding process.